Meaning & readings

tense, solid, hard, reliable, tight

On’yomi キン
Kun’yomi し.める、し.まる

Origin

The character combines the thread radical at the bottom, which classifies this as a word about textiles or string, with 臤 at the top that serves as a sound hint for the pronunciation. When you pull a thread or rope tight, it becomes solid and reliable, which matches the character's meanings of tension and firmness. The sound component 臤 doesn't contribute to the meaning but tells you roughly how to pronounce the whole character as キン. Over time, the character extended from the literal idea of tightening threads to describe anything that is tense, solid, or dependable.

AI-generated (claude-haiku-4-5), not yet reviewed. Formation type (automated guess): Phono-semantic (meaning + sound hint).

15 strokes

Components

  • sound hint top
  • radical bottom

A sound hint component points at the character’s pronunciation, not its meaning — don’t read a meaning into it.

Common words

  • 緊急 きんきゅう urgency; emergency
  • 緊縮 きんしゅく tightening; shrinkage
  • 緊張 きんちょう tension; strain
  • 緊迫 きんぱく tension; strain
  • 緊密 きんみつ rigour; rigor
  • 緊急事態宣言 きんきゅうじたいせんげん declaration of a state of emergency

Reference

Strokes
15
Kangxi radical
120
Grade
Jōyō (secondary school)
Frequency rank
#677 (newspapers)
Former JLPT
level 1
Unicode
U+07DCA