Meaning & readings

settle (debt, etc.), relieve (burden), finish, come to an end, excusable, need not

On’yomi サイ、セイ
Kun’yomi す.む、-ず.み、-ずみ、す.まない、す.ます、-す.ます、すく.う、な.す、わたし、わた.る
Nanori すむ、なり、わたる

Origin

This character combines water (the left component) with a sound hint on the right that suggests the pronunciation. The water element suggests something flowing or moving smoothly, which connects to the idea of a debt or problem being cleared away or resolved. When something is "settled" or "finished," it moves past you like water flowing — the burden is relieved and you can move forward. The right component gives a rough guide to how the character is pronounced in Chinese-derived readings, but does not itself contribute meaning to the character.

AI-generated (claude-haiku-4-5), not yet reviewed. Formation type (automated guess): Phono-semantic (meaning + sound hint).

11 strokes

Components

  • radical left
  • sound hint right

A sound hint component points at the character’s pronunciation, not its meaning — don’t read a meaning into it.

Common words

  • 救済 きゅうさい relief; aid
  • 共済 きょうさい mutual aid
  • 経済 けいざい economy; economics
  • 決済 けっさい settlement (of an account); liquidation of debts
  • 済む すむ to finish; to end
  • 返済 へんさい repayment; reimbursement
  • 弁済 べんさい repayment; settlement (of a debt)
  • 経済界 けいざいかい economic world; financial circles

Reference

Strokes
11
Kangxi radical
85
Grade
Grade 6 (Kyōiku)
Frequency rank
#168 (newspapers)
Former JLPT
level 2
Unicode
U+06E08