Meaning & readings

shoulder

On’yomi ケン
Kun’yomi かた

Origin

The character combines two components to represent the shoulder. The left part acts as a frame or enclosure, while on the right represents flesh or body—in this case, the meaty part of the shoulder. Together, they picture the shoulder as a distinct, fleshy part of the body, enclosed or defined as a separate section. Over time, this visual combination became the standard way to write the word for shoulder in Japanese.

AI-generated (claude-haiku-4-5), not yet reviewed. Formation type (automated guess): Compound ideographic (combined meanings).

8 strokes

Components

  • radical top-left wrap
  • radical tarec

Common words

  • 肩こり かたこり stiff neck; stiff shoulders
  • 肩書き かたがき title (e.g. Doctor, Professor, Lord); job title
  • 肩代わり かたがわり taking over (another's debt, work); shouldering someone else's burden

Reference

Strokes
8
Kangxi radical
130
Grade
Jōyō (secondary school)
Frequency rank
#1215 (newspapers)
Former JLPT
level 2
Unicode
U+080A9