Meaning & readings

revolve, turn around, change

On’yomi テン
Kun’yomi ころ.がる、ころ.げる、ころ.がす、ころ.ぶ、まろ.ぶ、うたた、うつ.る、くる.めく

Origin

The character combines the radical for "vehicle" or "wheel" on the left with a sound hint on the right that suggests the pronunciation テン. The wheel component points toward the core meaning: wheels and vehicles naturally roll and turn around, which led to the broader sense of "revolve" or "change direction." Over time, the character expanded to mean any kind of turning or transformation, not just physical rotation. The sound hint component doesn't contribute to the meaning—it simply helped speakers remember how to pronounce the character.

AI-generated (claude-haiku-4-5), not yet reviewed. Formation type (automated guess): Phono-semantic (meaning + sound hint).

11 strokes

Components

  • radical left
  • sound hint right

A sound hint component points at the character’s pronunciation, not its meaning — don’t read a meaning into it.

Common words

  • 移転 いてん moving; relocation
  • 運転 うんてん operation (of a machine); running
  • 横転 おうてん toppling sideways; turning sideways
  • 回転 かいてん rotation; revolution
  • 逆転 ぎゃくてん reversal (of a situation); turnaround
  • 空転 くうてん racing (of an engine); idling
  • 好転 こうてん changing for the better
  • 転嫁 てんか imputation; shifting (blame, responsibility, etc.)

Reference

Strokes
11
Kangxi radical
159
Grade
Grade 3 (Kyōiku)
Frequency rank
#327 (newspapers)
Former JLPT
level 3
Unicode
U+08EE2