Meaning & readings

in front, before

On’yomi ゼン
Kun’yomi まえ、-まえ
Nanori さき、さと、まい

Origin

The kanji appears to combine two visual ideas: the left side suggests a person or figure, while the right side represents movement or going forward. Together, these components create the image of someone moving ahead or positioned in front. Over time, this picture of forward movement came to represent the general concepts of "in front" and "before" in both space and time. The character's shape essentially draws a picture of what it means—something or someone ahead in position or sequence.

AI-generated (claude-haiku-4-5), not yet reviewed. Formation type (automated guess): Pictographic or simple.

9 strokes

Components

This character is treated as a single, undivided shape (前).

  • meaning part

Common words

  • お前 おまえ you
  • 以前 いぜん before; prior to
  • 駅前 えきまえ in front of a station
  • 気前 きまえ generosity
  • 空前 くうぜん unprecedented; record-breaking
  • 午前 ごぜん morning; a.m.
  • 左前 ひだりまえ wearing a kimono with the right side over the left (normally used only for the dead)
  • 事前 じぜん prior; beforehand

Reference

Strokes
9
Kangxi radical
18
Grade
Grade 2 (Kyōiku)
Frequency rank
#27 (newspapers)
Former JLPT
level 4
Unicode
U+0524D